Chapter 26 Special Relativity

What is an inertial reference frame?

What is the principle of Galilean relativity? Did Einstein accept it?

What is the "ether?"

Who attempted to measure its presence? Did they succeed?

Know Einstein's Two Postulates of Special Relativity.

What type of motion is dealt with in Special Relativity?

Do observers in different inertial reference frames agree concerning simultaneous events?

What is time dilation?

What is proper time?

How are elapsed time on a clock and time intervals between ticks of a clock related?

How is gamma calculated and used?

What is length contraction?

What is a proper length?

Has Special Relativity been confirmed by experiments or measurements? Describe one.

What is four-dimensional space-time?

Why is c the ultimate speed?

Does light have momentum? Does light have mass? Does light have energy?

How is energy related to mass?

In Special Relativity, are energy and momentum conserved?

Know how to correctly add velocities.

What is the correspondence principle?

162

space-time diagrams

relativistic energy and momentum

Chapter 27 Quantum Theory and Atom Models

How was Thomson able to deflect cathode rays?

Describe what the ratio e/m tells us about a cathode ray.

What is a cathode ray?

How did Millikan determine the charge on an electron?

What is the smallest observed charge?

What other values of net charge are possible on an object?

What is blackbody radiation? Wien’s Law

What problem did the blackbody spectrum present to classical physics?

How did Planck derive the formula that correctly describes the blackbody spectrum?

What is a quantum?

What effect does ultraviolet light have on the ability to create a spark between two wires?

What is the photoelectric effect?

What are the principal observations in the photoelectric effect that cannot be explained by

classical physics?

How did Einstein explain the photoelectric effect?

What is a photon? What is the work function? hf = KE + Work Function

What are some applications of the photoelectric effect?

What does the Compton Effect indicate?

wave-particle duality

When is light treated as a wave? When is light treated as a photon?

matter waves de Broglie wavelength l = h/(mv)

What experimental evidence indicates that de Broglie was correct?

Chapter 27

plum-pudding model of the atom

Rutherford scattering experiment nuclear model of the atom

line spectrum

emission spectrum

absorption spectrum

1885 Balmer Formula for Hydrogen (empirical)

Balmer series (visible spectrum)

Lyman series (UV)

Paschen series (infrared)

What does classical physics predict for the future of an electron orbiting a proton?

What are the two postulates of Bohr's theory for the Hydrogen atom?

hf = E_upper - E_lower

What is true about the angular momentum of the electron in an atom?

What is the principal quantum number?

Describe the radii values of Bohr orbits in the hydrogen atom as n increases.

r_n = n² r₁ Know how to construct and use an energy level diagram.

E_n= -13.6 eV / n² ground state excited state

ionization energy

What n value represents the everyday world?

correspondence principle

PHY162

relativistic speed of electrons

Chp 27 sections 7, 11

Chapter 28 Quantum Mechanics of Atoms

List two of the four limitations of the Bohr model of the atom.

T/F Quantum Mechanics disagrees with Classical physics for everyday activities.

T/F Y ² is proportional to the probability that an object is in a certain range of positions.

T/F Electrons can produce an interference pattern when they pass through a double slit.

Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle

TRUE or FALSE Einstein and Bohr agreed on the probabilistic view of the Copenhagen interpretation of Quantum Mechanics.

Describe the current model of how electrons occupy space around an atom.

Describe the implications for the principal quantum number, n

the orbital quantum number l the magnetic quantum number m_l

the spin quantum number m_s

What occurs in the Zeeman effect?

Does the electron spin? What is a selection rule?

What is a forbidden transition?

What is an allowed transition? atomic number Z

Pauli Exclusion Principle No two electrons in one atom can have the same 4 quantum numbers.

periodic table shell subshell electron configuration

How is a characteristic X-ray produced?

What information is obtained by studying characteristic X-rays?

bremsstrahlung LASER

stimulated emission population inversion coherent light

PHY162 fluorescence and phosphorescence hologram

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